Optometer.



G. EDEWAARD.

OPTOMETER.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 21, 1906.

atented Oct. 13, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1,

C. EDEWAARD.

OPTOMBTER.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.21,19oe.

Patented Oct. 13 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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kw f WW Wilma/.mea di@ um C. EDEWAARD.

UPTOMBTER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21, 1906.

3,71 5. Patented out. 13, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

eivrr -LORNELIUS EDEWAARDfOF PAFERSON, NEW JERSEY.

error/'zuren l Speccaton o Letters Eaten-t. Application mea nvember 21, 190e. sensi 1%. 344,368.

To all whom it may concern: A

Be it known that I, CORNELIUS EDEWAARD, who has announced his intention of becoming a citizen of tlie'United States, residing. at Paterson, in the county ol' Passaic and State of New Jersey,V have invented certain new and useful improvements in Optometers, of whiclrthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful im rovenients in optometers and it particular y pertains to an eye testing apparatus of the multiple lens type.

The invention embodies an apparatus ol' the above type in which various methods 'of testing and correcting the sight may loe used, the chiel' of which are those known in the practice as the subjeetivemethod, the fogging method and the objective method, -in combination with a.1etinoscope.

The invention in view of its adaptability to the methods above noted aims primarily to provide n'ovel features of adjustment and of operatimi whereby the lenses ol' different strength may he brought systematically into focus, before the eye of the patient.

The invention aims generally to provide a sight testing apparatus which shall supplant the trial frame inview of the fact that the latter is heavy and cumbersome in use and renders the operation of testing the eyes unduly long and tedious for the patient.

The detailed construction will appear in the course o'l' the ,following description in i which reference is had to the vaccom anying drawings forming a part of tlusrspeci ication,

like numerals designating like parts throughout the several views, wherein,

Figure 1 is a front elevation with parts broken away of an optometer constructed in accordance with my invention, and illustrat- .ing in detail the features of construction to be hereinafter specifically referred to.V Fig. 2 is a horizontal section von. a central line through the lens carrying disks.. Fig. 3 is a Y ing drawings and to Fie centra vertical tsection thereof. Fig. 4 is"a section on hne 4-4 of Fig. Fig 5 1s a ,side elevation ofthe clamp by which the apparatus as an entirety iis supported from a stationary object. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary side elevation of the .brackets which-carry the lens disks. Figs. 7l and S are detailed sectional views of mechanisms to be hereinafter specifically referred to, l,an/d Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a supporting arm for the reading card. Y

Referring specifically to the accompany- 2 thereoil the arrow Patented Oct. 13, 1968. I

A indicates the side of the apparatus which lthe operator faces and upon which the pln of Fig. 1 is taken and the arrow B indicates the side which the patient faces. y

The invention comprises essentially a support 1 and a sight testing apparatus carried thereby and adjustabiy-Inovable with relation thereto. The support l is preferably a tubular upright formed with a vertical open" ing 2 extending from a point short of they bot` tom thereof to the upper edge thereof.

As shown in Fig. 5 the'upright l is provided at its lower end with a U shaped horizontal clamp 3 designed to engage a stationary object as will be readily understood. For the purpose 'of maintaining the clamp 3 against displacement a thumb screw 4' is threaded through the .base thereof` the screw 4 carrying a toothed gripping shoe 5. The upright 1 comprises -in its'upper portion an inte-, '.gral'frame of substantially annular outlines within which the head of the patient is received.` This fra-ine 'is designated by the numeral 6 and the upper ortion thereof indicated at 7 in Figs. 1 an( 3 serves as a rest for the forehead. The upright 1 is provided rearwardly thereof with a tubular vertical extension 8 parallel thereto and offset there'- fro1n,. Nithin 'the extension S is received the shank 9 of a chin rest 1() which co-acts,

with the frame ti inl affording a rest for the patients head The shank 9 is provided with a series of vertically alined notchesA 1l), with any selected one of which an adjusting'set screw 11 threaded through the extension 8, is adapted to engage.

A vertical bar 12 is received within. the upright 1 and is provided adjacent to its upper end with. a horizontal cross arm 13 carrying the counterpart eye 'testing mechanisms on each side thereof. The bar 12 is conformable in cross sectional shape to the' upright 1 and is provided on lits front face 4with rack teeth 1.a of such depth as to projectthrough the opening 2Q The upright 1 is provided roo adjacent to said openingwith spaced horii zent-al a ertured ears 15 within whichv is joui-riale( a shaft 16 which carries a pinion 17 meshing with the teeth 14 and affording a' means for raising the bar 12. The shaft 16 is provided at its ends with knurled vhandles The pinion 17 is 18 for rotating the same.

rovided in one of its side faces with annuarly arranged recesses 19 and a set screw 20 is threaded through the adjacent ear 15 and engages in a selected one ofsaid recesses seas to hold the bar 12 against displacement under with the casing which carries the lens disks.

the weight of the apparatus from any posi tion to which it may he moved.

The cross bar i3 is preferably rectangular in cross section in order that the brackets .21 carried on each side thereof may he held against argular displacement and may be Jfurther guided and steadied in 'their lateral adjustment. Said brackets are counter'- parts in construction and at their lower ends are formed with an integral sleeve 22 conformable to and surroumling` the arm. i3. The brackets 21 are likewise provided `with forwardly extending ears Z3 having therein threaded apertures 2e for the reception therethrouglL of an adjusting shalt 25 journaled in an ear 26 projecting 'forwardly from the bar 12 and disposed between the ears 23. The shaft 25 is oppositely threaded adjacent each end thereof as at 2?, the threads 27 engaging Within the threaded openings 24. For the purpose of rotating?r the shalt 25 knurledhandles .28 are provided upon the ends thereof. The bar 13 carries at its ends detachable stop screws 29 for limiting the adjustable movement oi the brackets 2l and preventing the scridenl'al displacement thereof. l

Mounted upon the eer 26 is a vertical rest yr3() which carries a 'forwardly extending arm 3l of triangular shape and calibrated as :it 3" preferably for a .length ot thirty-six iur-hes. A shoe 83 of inverted 'u' shape to conform to the triangular shape of said arm is loosely slidable thereon and owing to its corriormstion is held 'from displaee'mmit without the provision et any positive holding or loci-:infr device. The shoe 33 cai-rn hraelet or clip 34 to receive a reading` card 35.

The brackets 2 are preferably int l Said casing comprises an epoque, *glare Sli projected through the hub pr Gli preferably of aluminum and. ci" dish shape. It Will of course be understood 'l l.- 't the parte are duplicated on each side olf the har 1.2 and that a description of 'the 'parte on one side thereof will be applicable to corrcsjwiuling parts on. the other side thereof, tionary plate 3G is provided with an extenH sion? which is bent upon itself as at 38 into a plane substantially parallel with. the plate 36. The bent portion ailords a iront plate as is shown in Fig. .l and is of :tuerca somewhat greater than one l'ourlh of the area of the plate The plate 32% comprises a solid outer portion and a hul) portion 3Q united with said outer poi-lion by Viuidialll." extending` raised rfebs lll); between wliicl occur openings 40u. The plates do and Il? are stationary is ajuiarei'il' 1nd in such re lation serve to support a'starionaiy axle non :lil ol" lhe plate ISH and through an opening central ci snidplate 36. The axle il .oiujuises tuhuler member formed with au integr solid head #Het one end thereof `aud uti,...

' ne staother end provided With a removable head 43 preferably threaded thereiuto. 'l he heads 42 and #i3 are recessed transversely at for the introduction of a screw driver or other instrument employed for assembling and disassemhling the axle 41. Surrounding said axle adj scent to the )late 36 is a ro tatahle disk 45 prorided u'itlh au elongated huh 46 which is concentric with the axle 4l and is threaded at its ou er end to receive a huurled ring 47 which affords a grip lor rotating said dish. A spacing ring;y le surrounds the hul; Illi and at ils outer end euguges the'inuer edge oi theriugd'. 'lhc ringl #l5 at its inner end is provided with an annular lateral flange 4Q which serves to maintain a spaced relalion between the disk 'l5 and a second disk 50 provided with :ui-in tegrul huh 5l which, surrounds the ring,l 48. The latter is provided adjacent its outer cud with an annular flange 52 whichv hears against, the hub 5l and (io-nets With the flange 4S) iu affording retaining means 'lor said huh. The hub 5l is threaded at its upper end lo receive a knurled ring by which the dish 5() is roi they may be read through rmeuings ,i7 prom "videfl upon said dish 50. The lenses 5G are cursed in rotatable annular frames 52S jour-- naled in' the dish Sill. rlhc annular frames 53 are formed with toothed edges 5l). A ring; (il) loosely' held hy clips (il upon the disk and seid ring is formed with peripheral teeth '.32 which engage at ell times the teeth 5?. The ring il() rf. .atcd by u pinion o3 carried upon the sl a t di, said shalt heiner journaled iu the disl 50 and in a T shaped hraehet (E5 having its end. secured to said dish. The pinion (53 meshes with teeth (ill ucd segmentally upoir the inner edge of l u? ring GO. 'lhe pinion G3 is rotated 'ny u linurled thumb piece o7, and together iiilh appurtenant elements is indicated in i o l e cups {il} are carried l each plaie 53d ndvident the leus tiff?, and ltfetweeu said leus und seid eye cup clip 7() l'or holding; au extra lens -to lbe used. iu lrmlmeu ol special dis-y eases, such as liyperopiaj is iule'rliosed. 'llie plate 25S is also provided u'ilh au openincl 7l in aliuuueut i'fill. the openings (SS :md adjacent seid opening Tl with a suitably con .lili

holding an eXtra lens for the testing operation. peiling' 71 is a calibrated` 3 which serves as an axis indistructed clip 72' for when such is needed Surroundi-n vthe o 'annular sca e 7 1 cater.' i

'ln Fig. 7 l have illustrated a means for' .holding the disksfl 'and 50 against rotation from any ositionto Which they may be 'moved'. 4' l 's means' Acomprises a'paWl 74 lo pivoted at 75 to the plate Skand engaging in notches 76, and?? provided upon the respective disks and 50. The awl 74 'comprises a handle 78 adjacent t0 Wlhich a shoulder 79is` provided. A leaf spring() is secured to t e plate 36 and bears against the shoulder 7 9 so'as to maintain the pawl 74 in enga ement With the notches 7 6 and 77.

A distance gage 81 is rigidly secured to one -of the plates 38and spans' the other of said plates. This distance gage is for use in determining the space between the eyes of the patient which is called the upillary distance and in making a corresponding adjustment. of the lens carrying disks. 25 In operation the disks 45 and 50 are rotated so as to bring a desired lens u oneach of said disks in axial alinement wit the openings 71; on plate 38 and with the opening 6 8 on the plate' 36 or in axial alinement with any extra enses which may be heldin the clip 7 0 or 7 2. The -marked calibrations 82 on the disks 45 and indicate the strength of each lens. Rotationof the ring to coirespndwith the degree of rotation of 'the disk 50 insure that' the relative axial disposition of the lenses 56 is maintained. By moving the bar 12 the apparatus can ".be raised or lowered as desired to correspond to the distance of the eyes 'from the chin, and the adjustment is ha( with respect to the distance between the eyes by rotating the threaded shaft 25 to spread apart or bring together the' brackets 2l 'by which the lens carrying disksare supported. The' disks l5 and 50 are rotated independently by the knurlcd handles 47 and 53. For the pur ose of preventing any play between the (sks 45 and 50 and of insuring the axial alincment of the lenses carried thereby, a clip spring 83 is employed, which is carried by the extension 37 and which rejects' between said platcsas is shown in. ig. 2.

While the elements herein scribed are well adapted to serve the func- 'L- tions set forth, it is obvious that various minor changes maybe made in the proportions, shape and arrangement of the several parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having fully described my invention l claim:

1. An optometer com rising a stationaryl support, a bar supported) therefrom, a head frame carried by said support,an arm carried shown and defeoio,

*mi 4 a bysaid bar, brackets 'having tions slidable upon with alined threade aperturcd porsaid arm, and providedd openings, a threaded shaft mounted through said bar, vand engaging Within said openings tosimultaneously move said brackets, sight testing apparatuses -carried vby said brackets, and a chin` rest mounted adjacent said testing apparatuses, substantially as described.

2. VAn optometer com rising a stationary support, a bar supporte( therefrom, an arm carried by said bar, brackets having apertured portions slidable upon said arm and provided with alined threaded openings, a threaded shaft mounted through said bar and engaging within said openings to simultan neously move said brackets, and sight testing apparatuses carried by said brackets, substantially as described.

3. An otometer comprising a stationary support, a ar supported therefrom and having a lrack formed longitudinally thereof, a shaft journaled in portions of said sup( ort having a pinion meshing with said rac, an arm carried by said bar, brackets having apertured portions slidable" upon said arm and provided with alined threaded openings, a threaded shaft mounted through said bark 'and engaging within said openings to simultaneously move said brackets, and sight testing apparatuses carried b substantially as described.v

4. An optometer comprising a stationary support, a bar sup orted therefrom and having a rack formeriplongltudinally thereof, a shaft journaled invportions of said support having a pinion meshing with 'saidrac a head rest carried by said support, an arm carried by said bar, brackets raving apertured ears slidable `upon said arm and provided with alined threaded openings, a threaded shaft mounted through saidfbar, Jand engaging within said openings to simultaneously move said brackets, and sight'- testing apparatuses carried by said bracko substantially as described.

5. An optometer comprising a stationary support having a 'tubular extension, a bar supported therefrom, an arm carried by said bar, brackets having apcrtured portions slidable u )on said arn1, and provided Withalined y said brackets,

threai ed openings, a threaded shaft mounted vthrough sald bar and engagmgwithln. said openings to su nultanoously move said brackbrackets, and a shank `adjustably carried within said tubul ar extension and provided I with a chin rest adjacent said apparatuses substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof l affix my sigi'iature 125 in presence of two witnesses.

CR'NELIUS .EDEWAn/kltll.

Witnesses:

Joan Vani/mornin' Nrcnoms Vnnnnonn.

ets, sight testing apparatuses carried by said 

